P. V. Manufacturing Co., 52:1 38
Pacemaker measuring tapes, 54:3 124
Pacific Electric Heating Co., 42:2 32
Pacific Northwest Tool Collectors, 41:2 21A
Pacific Peerless iron, 42:2 31
Pacific Railroad, 49:3 72
pacing sticks, 45:3 83
packaging
butter, 52:3 90–91
packing boxes for glass, 55:4 166–167
telescope, or double, box, 58:4 163–164, 58:4 168
wooden shipping crate, 54:4 164
Packard, Bill, 44:1 15
Packard, Manley, 53:2 75
Packard, Zibeah, 50:1 2
Packer, Asa, 52:3 114, 52:3 118, 52:4 139, 56:3 93
Packham, Jim, 40:2 36A, 51:3 90, 51:3 94, 53:1 41, 56:3 128
pack saddle, 45:1 11
Paddleford Bridge, 54:4 152–153
Paddleford (Burr) Truss style, 46:4 114
padlocks, 51:1 7
pads
with brass bodies, 53:3 100
spring-catch, 53:3 100
wooden, 53:3 96–97
Paez, Zenon, 40:2 31
Page Belting Co., 45:3 86
pail bottom planes, 59:4 163
pails.
See also buckets
buckets vs., 45:3 68
covered, 45:3 69
defined, 47:3 70
industry growth, 47:3 74–75
lathes, 47:3 71
making, 40:3 50
Shaker manufacturing of, 47:3 69–77
shape of, 45:3 68
wooden, bolting, 46:2 44
wooden, hand manufacture of, 45:3 67–69
wooden, timber for, 46:2 43–44
Pain, James, 42:3 70
Pain, William, 42:3 70
Paine, Herbert F., 54:2 67
Paine, Orvilla, 54:2 67
Paine, Phebe, 54:2 67
Paine, William, 57:4 129–130
Paine, Zilpha, 54:2 67
Paine House, Coventry, Rhode Island
cotton quilts, 54:2 67–74
paint
lead-based, 42:4 109
milk paint, 48:3 66
mineral paint, making, 42:4 98
scrapers, 44:3 79
supplies, 46:1 8
white lead, 55:2 71
paintbrushes, 55:3 118–119
painted photographs, 41:1 13
Painter, William, 60:3 122
Painter's and Colourman's Complete Guide, The (Tingry), 56:4 170
painters' cripples, 56:4 170–171
"'Painting a Photograph'" (West), 41:1 13
painting supplies, 46:1 8
paint removers, 42:4 109
for milk paint, 42:3 83, 42:4 93
paint scrapers, 44:3 79
"pair cornish" (cornice) planes, 47:2 46
pair shears
Hewlett's tool chest, 39:1 7
Paisley, J. R., 49:4 113
Paisley Calculator Co.
"Paisley Slide Rule, The" (Feely), 49:4 113
palamarkas, 60:4 171
palette knives, 42:1 17
palettes, 46:1 8
Palling, Dave, 42:4 96
Palmer, M. R., 40:4 60
Palmer, Martha, 47:3 80, 47:3 82
"Palmleaf Hat Manufactory, A" (Ball), 40:2 19–20
palmleaf hat manufacturing, 40:2 19–20
Panama-Pacific International Exposition, 48:3 50–51
Pancoast, R. M., 56:1 18, 56:1 19, 56:1 20
Pancoast, Samuel, 60:2 53
panel cutting gauge, 57:1 20
panel gauges
panel planes
Doggett, Simeon, 48:3 back cover
panel raisers, 50:4 130
panel-raising planes, 54:2 51, 60:4 173
panel saws, 46:2 51
panel shaves, 52:3 108
Panic of 1837, 50:1 4
Panic of 1893, 60:4 138
Panorama of Professions and Trades (Hazen), 47:2 57, 53:3 113
pantaloons, 52:4 132
Papa, David, 40:3 45
Papa, Janet, 40:3 45
paper
for colonial printing, 48:4 99
recycling, 45:1 26–27
paper guillotines, 52:3 104, 52:3 105
paper-hangers
paper-mill machines
granite press rolls, 60:1 13
"Paper Tool, A" (Turner), 48:4 74
paper-wrapped handles
for glaziers' chisels, 57:1 37
for soldering irons, 57:2 50
for tang handles, 57:2 50
Pappus of Alexandria, 40:1 9, 56:2 64
parades
craftsman floats, 43:3 80, 43:4 89, 44:1 30–31
labor float, 46:1 6
paraffin (kerosene)- powered lawn mowers, 52:2 50
Paraguay
parallel jaw pliers, 44:2 34, 44:2 38
whatsits, 43:1 23, 43:3 77
Paramore, H. S., 41:3 41
Parch, F. R., Manufacturing Co., 59:4 135
Pardee, Ario, 52:3 118–119, 52:4 134, 52:4 137, 52:4 140–144
parers, 44:1 3
commercial, 59:4 154
home use, 59:4 152–154
Parish, Cyprian, 46:1 29, 46:1 30
Parish, Matilda, 46:1 29
Parish, William, 46:1 29
Paris Universal Exposition of 1878
McCaffrey File Co., 48:3 48–49
Park, John, 59:2 39
Park, Susan, 55:4 133
Parke, Daniel, 39:2 29
Parke, David L., 40:1 1
Parke, David L., Jr., 41:3 54
Parke, George, 49:4 118
Parker, Alonzo, 44:3 88
Parker, Daniel, 53:1 28
Parker, Harry
chuck patents, 53:2 63, 53:2 65
Parker, Henry, 57:4 155
Parker, Homer Newtown, 52:4 149
Parker, John
planemaker, 53:2 55, 53:2 56
Parker, Snow & Brooks Co., 59:3 109
Parker Hubbard & Co., 45:4 103
Parker Ice Tool Co., 60:3 123
Parkers, I., 44:2 48
Parkersburg, Virginia, 53:2 49
Parkersburg Gazette and Western Virginia Courier, 53:2 49
Parkes, A. J., 44:2 48, 44:4 101
Parkes, J., 44:4 101
parkland maintenance, 52:2 43
Parks, Edwin, 54:3 92–93, 54:3 94
Parks, William, 49:2 44
Parks & Ellis
ribbing machines, 53:4 147
parlor curtains
Parmenter and Bullock, 52:4 147
Parr, George, 60:3 97
Parrish, Robert
metal-pad braces, 53:3 104
Parrot, Aaron, 52:2 56
"Parr's Improved" Pocket Tool Chest, 43:2 52–53
Parson, Calvin, 56:1 8
Parsons, Charles, 44:2 47
Parsons, G. W.
Parsons, John H., 49:2 55, 49:2 56
partners (deck beams)
for Coronet (schooner yacht), 53:1 4
Partridge, A., Agent, 44:2 59
Partridge, Eric, 43:1 24
Partridge, F. R., 49:2 56
Partridge, Michael, 41:2 28, 57:2 55, 57:2 56
Partridge, S., 40:2 25
parts kits, 52:4 166
"Parts of the Sum, The" (Warner), 39:2 17–18
Pascack Historical Society, 59:1 3, 59:1 6
Pass and Snow, 56:1 25
"Passing the Block" (Hall), 56:4 168–169
Passmore, C. L., 52:1 8
P.A.S.T, 42:2 31
Paston, Albert, 53:2 66–67
Paston-Williams, Sara, 52:3 85
pastoral fetes, 50:2 41–42
"Pat. Pending" planes, 59:1 12
Patch, Augustus Burnam, 49:2 63
Patch, F. R., Manufacturing Co., 59:4 137, 59:4 138, 60:1 11, 60:1 12
patchwork quilts, 54:2 70, 54:2 71
Patent Act of 1790, 58:2 62
n.1
Patent Act of 1927, 55:4 161
patent agents, 52:3 113
"Patent Drawings Versus the 'Real Thing'" (Kosmerl), 49:4 136
Patented and Transitional Metallic Planes in America (Smith), 59:1 11
"Patented Hand-Held Ice Reducing Tools" (Roger)
"Part I, Ice Picks and Chippers," 60:3 114–125
"Part II, Ice Shaves," 60:4 158–163
"Part III, Ice Crushers," 60:1 30–34
Patented Transitional and Metallic Planes in America (Smith), 40:2 17, 52:2 61, 57:1 31, 57:1 33, 57:1 34
Patent Needle Hay Knife, 57:2 59
"patent pending" patent searches, 55:4 162
patents.
See also U.S. Patent Office
additional improvements (AI), 55:4 160–161
"Anglet" rule, 55:2 52–54
application process, 46:3 68, 46:3 86–87
aquatic gloves, 53:4 143
auger bits, 45:1 3
augers, 49:4 136
bevels, 40:4 54–56, 42:2 35–36, 52:1 2–3
bit braces, 42:4 110, 45:1 6–7
bitstocks, 46:1 35, 52:4 147
boring augers, 56:3 108–113
brace jaw, 53:2 62–63
braces, 40:2 34, 41:2 21–23, 47:4 130, 49:4 136, 53:1 9
brickmaking devices, 59:2 53, 59:2 55–56
bridges, 54:4 149, 54:4 150
bucksaws, 59:2 59–69
carpenters gauge, 51:2 62–63
Chapin-Rust plow, 53:4 168–169
chucks, 53:1 9, 53:2 62–65
combination try square and bevel, 41:1 6–7
concealed ratchet, 52:4 149–150
cranberry separator and grader, 51:1 5
D'Elia Museum collection of patented planes, 59:1 10–12
design, 55:4 160
doorknobs, 55:4 135, 55:4 139, 55:4 140
drawings, 49:4 136
Furbish, Zachry T., 56:4 142–143
gauntlets, 53:4 140, 53:4 141
glass cutters, 44:4 99–100
glass-faced croze, 41:3 80
glove fastener, 53:4 138
glovemaking, 53:4 138–140
green corn shredders and slicers, 56:1 16–24
hand drills, 60:4 165
hay knives, 57:2 61–69, 57:3 103–104
history of, 49:3 101
ice reducers, 60:3 117–125
ice shaves, 60:4 158–163
iron squares, 51:3 86
iron tires, 51:1 19–22
knitting machines, 53:4 145, 53:4 146
lawn mowers, 52:3 95
measuring tapes, 54:1 31–34, 54:2 75–80, 54:3 121–125, 54:4 154–159
miter boxes, 60:1 33–35, 60:2 84
mortising machines, 46:4 111–112
numbers, dating and, 57:1 12
planes, 47:1 12, 52:2 61, 59:1 10–12
plow planes, 51:1 11
plows, 50:3 99
plumb bobs, 58:1 40–43
ratchet screwdrivers, 49:2 54–57
reissued, 55:4 160
ribbing machines, 53:4 146, 53:4 147
Robertson screw, 50:2 57–59
roofing double seamers, 51:1 24
Sandusky Tool Co. patent infringement issues, 46:3 61
saws, 43:3 73–74
saw screws, 59:1 20
saw sets, 54:3 129
screwdrivers, 55:1 32–34, 55:2 59–63, 55:3 120–125, 55:4 151–155, 56:4 134–135
self-boring barrel spigots, 54:3 91–101, 54:3 93–101, 54:3 127, 54:4 143, 55:4 141–144
shaves, 52:3 109, 52:3 113
slide rules, 50:4 125–127
spiral screwdrivers, 49:1 1–5, 54:3 118–120
spokeshaves, 52:3 109, 52:3 111, 52:3 112–113
stair gauges, 51:4 123–125
tape measures, 57:4 130–131
tholes, 51:4 126
try square and bevel combinations, 41:3 40
"Tuesday Rule," 55:4 162
types, 55:4 160–161
utility, 55:4 160
waterwheels, 45:4 106–107
wood screws, 47:3 84–86
woven jacquard coverlets, 55:1 23
X-patents, 55:4 160
zig-zag rules, 56:2 70–75, 56:3 116–120
patent searches, 55:4 160–165.
See also U.S. Patent Office
advanced searches, 55:4 163–165
category and subclass queries, 55:4 163
"patent pending," 55:4 162
pre-1927 patents, 55:4 162
pre-1976 patents, 55:4 161
"Patent Searches: Step-by-Step" (Pennington), 55:4 160–165
Patent Wood Screw Manufacturing Co., 44:3 77–78
Paterson, Benjamin, 58:2 56–57, 58:2 63
n.12
PATINA club auctions, Maryland, 48:3 58
Patridge, Eric, 51:3 89
Patten, Matthew, 40:3 49, 42:2 49
pattern lathes, 44:4 114
patternmakers
ship building, 39:3 52A, 39:3 back cover
patternmakers' tools
shaves, 52:3 108
shrinkage tools, 55:2 58
vises, 46:1 26
pattern shops, 47:2 56, 47:3 83
Patterson, George, 40:1 3
Patterson, Mary (Burton), 56:1 11
Paul Revere and the World He Lived in (Forbes), 46:2 39
Paumanok Picture, A (Whitman), 45:2 51
"Pavement Layer's Concrete Mixing Machine, A" (Heatherly), 43:1 12
pavers' hammers
paving-block cutters, 60:1 15
paving blocks, 60:1 15–16
granite, cutting, 60:1 15–16
paving hammers, 60:1 16
Pawlett, William, 46:1 27
planemaker, 52:2 54, 53:2 55, 53:2 56
Pawling & Harnischfeger, 59:4 138
pawnshops, 51:4 107–108
Pawtucket Enamel Co., 47:4 109
Paxson, J. W., 57:2 73
Paxton, James, 58:1 24
Payne, Bill, 43:3 78, 43:4 105
PDE powder, 42:4 93
"P.D.'s Tool Finds a Mate" (Brundage), 41:3 51–52
Peabody, H. W., & Co., 56:4 143
Peabody & Essex Museum, Salem, Massachusetts, 46:3 88, 51:1 30
Peace, Harvey W., 45:2 54, 45:4 100
backsaws, 59:1 19, 59:1 21
sawmaker, 44:4 102, 44:4 103, 46:1 18–19, 46:1 21, 46:2 51
saws, 45:4 100
saw with unusual handles, 46:2 52–53
Peace, Harvey W., Co., 39:2 26, 46:1 18–19
Peach, Henry E., 44:2 42, 44:2 62
Peacock, Job F., 55:4 141–142
Peale, Charles Wilson, 58:1 6, 58:1 8, 58:1 9, 58:1 10, 58:1 12
Pearce, E. H., 52:2 69
Pearce, Jonathan W., 44:3 95
Pearl, Sarah, 42:3 73, 42:3 75, 42:4 109, 44:1 18, 45:3 92
Pearl and the Pumpkin, The (West), 44:2 50, 44:3 90
Pearly, J.
Pearson, Henry Sleeper (H. S.)
Pearson, Nehemiah, 44:4 114
Pearson, Ron, 40:2 16, 40:4 73A, 45:1 6
Pearson, Ronald W., 45:1 6, 49:4 136, 53:3 96, 53:3 114
peat
peat cutters, 49:3 90
Peatfield, James, 55:1 3, 55:1 4
Peavy, Lucky, 54:3 103
Peck, Amelia, 54:1 16
Peck, Isaac, & Son, 44:2 59
Peck, Obed, 42:3 68
Peck, Seth, 46:2 49, 46:2 50
Peck, Seth, & Co., 42:3 68
Peck, Smith, & Co., 42:3 68
Peck, Smith Manufacturing Co., 42:3 68
Peck, Stow, & Wilcox Co., 41:3 44, 42:3 68, 46:3 83
Peck & Crouch, 45:3 89
Peckham, Henry, 55:1 15
"Peck" jaw design, 42:3 68
Peck Stow Wilcox Co., 60:3 97
pedal-powered machines.
See foot-powered machines
"Pedal Pushers" (Brundage), 44:4 125–126
peddlers, 44:2 50.
See also salesmen
account books, 43:4 101–102
catalog, French, 58:1 39
as drummers, 44:3 88
files, 40:1 1
perfumes, cosmetics, flavorings, and medicines, 44:1 14
tinware, 51:2 53
wagons, 39:1 3
Pedersen, Al, 43:4 106
Pederson, Al, 44:1 28
pedicure scissors, 52:3 103
peels (long-handled baking shovels), 39:1 11
peening hammers, 46:1 33
Peer, Robert, 41:1 11
peg float (shoemakers' tool), 43:4 106
"Peg Makers" (Straffin), 40:3 37
pegs
makers, 40:3 37
making, 41:2 35
peg-making tools, 40:3 37
peg threading machines, 54:4 161
Pei, I. M., 58:4 152
Peiffer, Cathy, 47:1 1
Peiffer, Richard, 47:1 1, 47:1 2
"PEI Loggers" (Bunting), 56:3 129
Peirce, John W., 44:3 95
Pelton, O., 59:1 24
Pembroke, Lord, 42:1 4
pencils, 39:2 32A
"lead," 45:2 57
origin of word, 42:4 95
Pencz, Gerog, 52:1 37
Pendleton, Nat, 54:2 87
penknives, 46:2 42
"pen machines," 47:4 133
Penn, Hannah (Callowhill), 56:1 26–27
Penn, Sam, 46:4 121
Penn, William, 45:2 43, 46:1 7
Penna Tool Co., 60:2 60, 60:2 62–63
Penniman, John Ritto, 46:3 87
Pennington, Brian, 57:2 71, 59:3 110
Pennsulvanian, The, 56:1 25
Pennsylvania.
See also specific cities and towns
anthracite mining union, 52:3 114–121
Beatty family, 60:3 99–111
economic development, in 1840s, 47:1 16–17
German immigrants, 47:1 24–25
goosewing axes, 54:4 139–143
petroleum industry, 53:3 87–92
Pennsylvania Brown Free Stone Co., 56:3 90–93
Pennsylvania Butter: Tools and Process (Powell), 52:3 88
Pennsylvania Coal Co., 52:4 143
Pennsylvania Dutch, 40:3 42–43
Pennsylvania File Works, 48:3 45
Pennsylvania Gazette, 50:4 135–136
Pennsylvania Germans, 40:3 42–43
Pennsylvania hay knives, 40:4 64, 57:2 54
"Pennsylvania Iron Furnace, A" (Chandler), 45:3 87–88
Pennsylvania lawn mower, 52:2 48, 52:3 94
Pennsylvania pattern broad axes, 60:2 62
Pennsylvania Railroad, 40:3 41, 52:4 138, 60:4 149–150
freight car repairmen, 46:2 54, 46:2 back cover
section gangs, 43:4 86, 43:4 96, 44:1 18
Pennsylvania Rock Oil Co., 53:3 87
Pennsylvania Saw Manufacturing Co., 59:1 19
"Pennsylvania's Goosewing Axes and Early Iron and Steel Technology" (Kosmerl), 54:4 135–143
Pennsylvania State House, Harrisburg, 59:2 41, 59:2 42
pennyroyal oil, 44:1 15
pens, 39:2 32A
pentaptychs, 46:4 99
Pepper, John, 55:1 5–6, 55:1 7
knitting machine patents, 53:4 146
pepper-box pistols, 52:2 44
peppermint distilleries, 44:1 14
Pepys, Samuel, 52:2 61
"Pepys on Tools" (Semel), 52:2 61
Perch, D., 40:1 13
Perch, David (Dave), 44:1 16, 44:1 19, 44:4 123, 45:4 103
Percival screw pod extension, 56:3 110–111
percussion drilling.
See cable tool drilling
"Perfect Handle" wrenches, 51:3 97
"Perfect Handle Wrenches" (Pozzato), 51:3 97
Perfection Manufacturing Co., 49:3 99, 49:4 137
"Peripatetic Tool Prospecting" (Greenberger), 39:3 46–47
Perkin, William Henry
synthetic dyes, 53:4 156, 53:4 158
Perkins, Ed, 48:1 32
Perkins, Jacob, 43:4 95
Perkins, John, House, 42:3 73
Perks, F., 44:2 47, 44:3 79, 44:4 116
Perks • S mark, 44:2 47
Perlez, Jane, 43:3 76
Perpetual Calendar Web site, 55:4 162
Perry, George and Philip Fletcher, & Co., 46:2 49
tinware manufactory, 43:4 101–102
Perry, Henry D.
planemaker, 53:2 55, 53:2 56
Perry, John, 58:1 16, 58:1 17, 58:1 26
Perry, John M., 58:1 30
n.16
Perry, Reuben, 58:1 16
Perry, Walter, 53:4 137, 56:1 9
"Persistence of Hand Implements in Agriculture" (Reichman), 39:3 51
personal care scissors, 52:3 103
pestles, 45:1 27
Peter I, czar of Russia, 39:4 59
Peter Parley's Own Story (Goodrich), 54:1 27
Peters, Frank, 48:4 98
Peters, Margaret Walker, 48:4 69
Peters, Richard, 58:1 9
Peters, William, 50:4 109
Peterson, Harold, 39:1 1
Peterson, Karl, 45:4 118, 46:1 24
Peter the Great
Petite Gazette, Tid-Bits of Useful Knowledge for Tool Collectors (Townsend), 52:3 110
Petrella, A., 57:2 70
Petrella, Anthony, 42:1 18
Petrie, Flinders, 49:1 25
Petrie, W. F., 40:3 52
petroleum industry
crude oil, eastern vs. western, 53:3 92n5
Drake well, 53:3 87
early uses, 53:3 87
Klingler family of Pennsylvania and, 53:3 87–92
products, 52:4 161, 53:3 87
well drilling, 53:3 88–92
Pettengil Confectionery, 44:4 118
petticoat factory, 41:1 14
Pettyjohn, John S., Co., 50:3 74
Peugeot Frères, 40:1 10
catalog, 39:3 33–34, 49:1 26
"Peugeot Frères" (Perch), 39:3 33–34
pewter
cautions about, 52:1 36
leaded, 52:1 36
lead-free, 52:1 36
melting, 52:1 36
poured, knives, 52:1 35–36
Pexto brace catalog, 42:3 68
Pfaff, Paula, 45:3 92
Pfrank, Francis, 42:3 80
pharmacies, 45:1 15
Lammers' Drug Store, 44:3 71–72
nineteenth century, 44:2 36
Pharmacists' Journal, 44:3 72
Phelphs, N. B., 53:1 21
PHILAD
A trademark, 56:1 25–27, 56:2 68–69, 56:4 155–159, 57:1 16–22, 57:3 96–101, 57:4 151–156, 58:4 154–161
Philadelphia
architecture, 58:4 155–156
city directories, 57:4 152–153, 58:4 154–161
Disston's early history, 57:4 151–156
Kneass family, 58:4 154–161
planemakers, 57:1 16–22
saw-making, 39:2 26–27, 39:3 52A
toolmakers, 56:1 25–27, 56:2 68–69, 56:4 155–159
Veit, John, 57:1 16–22, 57:4 156
women entrepreneurs, 57:3 96–101
Philadelphia and its Industries, 57:4 151
Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Co., 52:4 140, 52:4 144
Philadelphia and Reading Railroad, 52:3 119, 52:4 139, 52:4 140, 52:4 143, 56:3 97, 56:3 101–102, 60:2 58
Philadelphia butter (Philadelphia print), 52:3 87
Philadelphia Daily News, 42:3 72
Philadelphia (Merchants) Exchange, 58:4 155–156
Philadelphia ice axes, 52:3 123
Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture, 58:2 55
Philippe August, King of France, 60:1 3
Philips, Martin W., 52:1 15, 52:1 17
Philipse, Frederick, 42:3 73
Philipson, John, 42:3 65, 52:3 124
Philip West, 51:3 74
Phillips, Alonzo D., 44:4 104–105
Phillips, Bill, 50:1 33
Phillips, Eleanore, 56:2 76–79
Phillips, Henry, 55:4 153–154
Phillips, John Marshall, 56:3 121
Phillips, Roger, 51:4 108, 52:3 124, 56:2 76–79
Phillips and Clark Stove Co., 40:1 1
Phillips head screwdrivers, 55:4 153–155
Phillips head screws, 50:2 57, 50:2 62, 55:4 153–155
Phillips Screw Co., 55:4 153–154
Phillps, Milton
planemaker, 53:2 55, 53:2 56
phleam, 45:3 84
Phleps, Hermann, 45:1 24
Phoenix Co., 58:2 66–68
inverse imprint of stamp, 58:2 66–68
Phoenix Iron Co., 49:1 31
Phoenix Iron Works, 52:2 44
phosphorous boxes (matches), 40:1 16, 41:1 20A, 44:4 104
phosphorus matches, 44:4 104
photography, 53:4 170
exposure meter, 60:4 140
old time gallery, 45:4 104–105
painting photographs, 41:1 13
tintypes, 56:3 121–122
traveling photographers, 56:3 129
"Photo Illustrations," 39:2 29
photo machines, 49:3 73
photo-offset lithography
citrus fruit-crate labels, 42:2 33
Phyfe, Duncan
tool chests, 46:2 45, 46:2 46
"Pianoforte Clamp" (Boyd), 49:1 7–8
pianoforte clamps, 49:1 7–8, 49:1 17
piano makers' tools, 41:3 45–46, 41:3 84, 41:4 73–74
pianos and piano making, 43:3 73
Crehore, Benjamin, 47:3 92–94
Metcalf, Eliphalet, 41:4 73–74
piano fortes, 47:3 93
piano making process, 43:3 73
Steinway, 41:4 73
piano tuners' bellows, 42:1 18, 42:3 77
advertisement, 42:4 109–110
uses of, 42:3 70–71
piano tuners' brushes, 42:3 70
Picard, Henri, and Frères, 55:4 149
Pickering, Timothy, 58:1 5
Pickett & Eckel slide rules, 49:2 51
pickled food, 55:3 90
pickling, 41:2 35
picks
make-do tools from, 44:3 86
millstone, 44:3 94
pickup balers, 39:4 61–62
picnic sets, 59:4 129
picric acid, 53:4 156, 53:4 158
Pictou County, Nova Scotia
"Picture Puzzle," 39:2 23
Pierce, E. G., 46:1 14
Pierce, Ephraim, 48:3 44
Pierce, H., 46:1 30
Pierce, Hattie, 58:4 171
n.8
Pierce, Henry, 46:1 30
Pierce, Ken, 53:1 30
Pierce, Roland, 46:1 29–30
Pierce, Rollin, 46:1 30
Pierce cotton gins, 52:1 16
piercing saws, 55:4 145–147, 55:4 149, 56:2 67
Pierpont, Sherman, 44:3 77
piggins, 47:3 70, 50:2 41
pig iron, 54:4 137
charcoal-produced, 47:2 35
pigs, tinners' (tinkers' pig), 56:2 83, 56:3 126
pik (pick) (Flemish scythe), 41:1 10, 41:2 37
Pike, I.
Pike, Jarvis (Jervis), 39:1 13
Pike, O. M., 44:3 86, 44:4 99, 57:3 88
Pike Co., 43:1 11
Pike family
Pike Manufacturing Co., 47:4 123
"Pike of Deham" (West), 39:1 13
pikes, 45:4 122, 45:4 126
pike trench spear, 45:4 126
pikhaak, 41:2 37
pilaster planes, 54:3 126–127
Carpenter, E. W., 47:1 1, 47:1 3, 47:1 6, 47:1 11
Pilcher, Steve, 55:3 129
piles
for charcoal making, 47:2 37–38
Pilgrim, Chuck, 56:3 126
Pilgrim, Nathaniel, 52:1 26
Pilgrim's Progress (Bunyan), 45:3 84
Pilkenton, Thomas, 50:4 113, 51:2 55
Pilkinton, Hunter, 42:4 109
pilot schooners, 53:1 3
Piltz, Otto, 57:3 121
pinchers (harnessmaking tools), 39:2 20
Pinchot, Gifford, 56:3 91
Pinckney, Thomas, 58:2 56, 58:2 57, 58:2 60, 58:2 63
n.12, 58:2 64
n.12, 58:2 64
n.13, 58:2 64
n.14, 58:2 64
n.20, 58:2 64
n.21
pin cushions
with needle sharpeners, 44:3 91–92, 44:4 120
pine mold, 51:2 41
pine trees
eastern white pine (Pinus strobus), 42:3 59
pin-jointed scissors and shears, 52:3 100–102, 52:3 106
Pink, Thomas, & Sons Co., 45:3 71
pinking scissors/shears, 49:3 72, 49:3 74, 52:3 103
Pinkny's brass wheel, 39:3 52A
harnessmaking tools, 39:2 20
pin (chain) lewis, 59:3 86
"Pioneer Canadian Axe-Maker J. Warnock & Co." (Klenman), 42:4 94
Pioneer History of Wirt County, A (Sewell), 53:2 49
Pioneer Life on the Bay of Quinte (Morley), 52:1 27
Pioneers, The (Cooper), 39:2 32A
"Pioneers in Planemaking" (West), 51:3 69–74
"Pipe: A Lost Part of Americana" (Walsh), 51:1 13–14
responses to article, 51:3 93–94
pipe and bolt wrench, 44:1 11
pipe capacity, 52:4 151
pipe clamps, 49:1 7
pipefitters
Southern Railway, 50:3 82, 50:3 83
pipe holders, 44:3 82
Piper, G., Co., 54:3 114
Piper, George, 55:2 46
pipes
molds, 53:2 77
Shaker clay, 53:3 127
pipes (casks), 51:1 13–14, 51:1 front cover, 51:2 41
assize, 51:3 94
capacity, 51:1 14
hoops, 51:1 13
letters, 51:3 93–94
staves, 51:1 13–14, 51:3 93
pipe tongs, 43:2 32, 43:3 62
pipe wrenches
Four-Square line, Stanley Works, 59:4 155
Pirce, J. W., 44:3 95.
See also Pearce, Jonathan W.
Pirie lathe disc sharpening machine, 60:1 18
Pirie Tool Sharpening Machine Co., 60:1 18
pistol lighters, 39:4 58
pistol routers, 52:3 124
pistols.
See also guns
Confederacy, 50:1 34–35
pepper-box, 52:2 44
piston-type drills, 59:2 47
pitch, 52:3 122–123
pitchfork paperweight, 57:2 53
pitch forks
pitch pine, 54:2 55–56
pitch settings
for plane irons, 45:4 109
pithaak (madhaake), 41:1 10, 41:2 37
"Pith of the Matter, The: A Response from Your Editor" (Sayward), 41:1 9–10
pitman rod, 59:4 133
pit saws, 39:1 7, 46:1 32, 54:2 57, 54:2 front cover
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
hardware company marks, 49:4 116–124
planemakers, 47:4 124–125, 50:3 88–92, 50:4 132–133
Pittsburgh Gazette, 50:3 88, 50:3 89, 50:3 90–91
"Place for Everything, A" (Kinsey), 60:1 17–18
Place to Live and Work, A: The Henry Disston Saw Works and the Tacony Community of Philadelphia (Silcox), 57:4 151
Plains Indians
shell beads and, 59:1 2–3
"Plain Truth, The" (Armistead), 43:4 97
"Plane Chatter" (Elliott)
"Jonathan Brooks, Cabinetmaker & Patriot," 60:1 40–41
"Plane Chatter" (Goodson)
"Early Totes: Some Variant Features," 60:4 172–173
"Plane Chatter" (Kean)
"Tribute to Jack Whelan on his Retirement, A," 60:3 133
"Plane Chatter" (Whelan), 49:4 114–115, 52:1 30–31, 52:2 67–68
"Another Plane to Puzzle Over," 51:4 118–119
"Apothecary Plane," 58:2 78–79
"Ceiling Planes," 51:3 91–92
"Chapin-Rust Patent Plow, The," 53:4 168–169
"Chinese Planes," 57:4 164–165
"Cock Bead Fillister, The," 55:1 39–40
"Combination Plane," 50:2 53–54
"Different Plow Design, A," 51:1 11–12
"Double Wedge Planes That Change Their Pitch," 48:1 17–29
"Enigmatic Plane, An," 54:1 35–36
"Escapement for Tongue Plane/Tilted Wedge Mortise/Unusual Pair," 55:3 126
"First American Planemaker?, The," 49:3 85–86
"Five Unusual Planes," 60:2 88–89
"Glass Check?/Meeting Rail Planes," 55:4 168
"Glass Check Plane?/Unusual Escapement," 55:2 80–81
"Grooving," 49:1 28–29
"Grooving for Curved Panels--And a Puzzle," 52:3 124
"Holtzapffel's Design for Irons," 53:1 37
"Information Please," 48:2 54–55
"L. Cormier Planes," 58:1 44–45
"Making Useful Shavings," 56:4 172–173
"Modified or Make-do Planes," 54:2 86–87
"More Plane 'Whatsits'", 49:2 61
"Pair of Unusual Molders, A," 53:3 81–82
"Plane Chatter: Facing Planes," 59:3 120–121
"Plane Chatter: Unfamiliar Cooper's Tools," 59:4 161–163
"Plane Wedge Distortion," 48:3 61–62
"Plane Whose Arms Are Too Long, The," 57:1 36–37
"Plow Fence and Depth Stop Conflicts," 54:4 165
"Plow Plane Fence Adjustment," 57:3 122–123
"Puzzling Match Pair, A," 56:1 38–39
"Puzzling Planes," 50:4 129–130
"Screw-Adjusted, Slide-Arm Plow Plane," 59:1 32–33
"Some Unusual Full Boxed Beads," 48:4 92–93
"Spring Plane, The," 47:2 46–47
"Stereotype Plane," 56:2 80–81
"Those Tradesman-Made Planes," 47:3 88–89
"Two More Puzzles An Unusual Dado," 51:2 59–60
"Unusual Combination Match Plane," 58:4 172–173
"Unusual Fence System," 52:4 163
"Unusual Iron Mounting, An," 59:2 76–77
"Unusual Match Plane," 54:3 126–127
"Unusual Molding Plane, An," 58:3 128–129
"Wheelwright's Plane," 56:3 127–128
"Wrong-Sided Molding Plane Irons," 47:4 113–114
"Plane Collector Talks about the Enrichment His Avocation Offers, A" (Humphrey), 43:4 97–98
plane dealers
Davies, Thomas, 49:3 83–84
plane irons, 51:3 96, 53:1 37
date codes on, 54:4 144–147
English, 43:4 98–99
Harmony Society, 51:4 105
makers, 51:3 73
mystery planes, 50:4 130
Ohio Tool Co., 46:3 60
sixteenth century, Nürnberg, 54:2 83
planemakers, 40:3 50, 53:3 123
account books, 45:1 8–10, 45:2 42–43, 45:3 80–83
Adams, A., 43:2 46
African-American, 46:2 39–42, 46:4 93–97, 53:1 41
Allegheny Mountains, 50:3 88–92
American, 48:1 28–29, 49:3 85–86
American Revolution and, 48:3 35
Amherst, Massachusetts, 41:1 11–12
apprenticeships, 40:2 26
Bailey, Leonard, 52:2 60–61, 58:2 80–84, 58:3 113
Barton, D. R., 58:2 70
Benton, James, 49:2 35–36
Bidewell, Leonard Benton, 53:2 48–52
billheads, 41:1 4
British, 49:3 83–84
Brooks, Peter, 46:1 12–13
Brooks, Rachel, 57:3 96–97
Brooks, William, 57:3 96
Brown, A., 45:1 19
Burt, Spencer M. (S. M.), 42:2 37
business sold by, 41:1 11–12
cabinetmakers, 42:3 79
Canada, 52:1 28, 55:4 169
Carpenter, Emanuel W. (E. W.), 47:1 1–12
Caruthers, Samuel, 50:4 135–136
Chelor, Cesar, 42:2 55, 42:2 back cover, 42:4 87–88, 45:2 61, 45:3 66, 46:2 39–42, 46:4 91–97, 48:3 41, 48:3 58, 48:3 63, 48:3 64, 50:1 30, 52:2 75–77, 53:1 35, 53:1 41, 54:1 1–8, 54:1 2–3, 54:1 back cover, 54:1 front cover, 55:1 30, 59:1 10, 59:1 22–23
Clark, David, 52:4 162
Coates, James, 50:2 49–52
Coffman, Alexander Stuart, 48:4 69–73
Cogdell, I., 58:1 45
Connecticut Valley, 49:4 135
contemporary, 51:2 67
Cormier, L., 58:1 44–45
Crane, D. O., 49:2 36
Crane, Samuel G., 49:2 36–37
Crawley, Joseph, 42:1 6
Dawson, John, 49:1 19–22
Dean, Benaiah, 47:2 50–52
Deming, Anthony, 42:1 5
Doggett, Simeon, 48:3 35–44
Dominy family, 57:2 79
Duke, Mary, 57:3 96, 57:3 99–100
early makers, 42:3 79–80
England, 51:3 101
Evans, Evan, 49:2 35–36
Evans, James, 49:2 36
Evens, William, 48:3 53–56, 50:4 131–132
fire balloon fire, 41:3 59
Fuller, D., 45:1 10
Fuller, David, 44:3 67–70, 44:4 112–113, 45:1 10
Fultz, Bennett D., 42:1 7
Goldsmith, George, 56:4 155
Goldsmith, Thomas, 56:4 155
Goldsmith, William, 56:4 155–159
Goldsmith, William, Jr., 56:4 156–159
Granford, Thomas, 48:1 13–16
guidebooks to, 57:3 119
guides to, 54:4 167–169, 57:3 119
Haight, Henry, 49:2 37–38
Hamburg, 48:2 47–53
Hart, H. L., 49:4 135
Hazlet, Hugh, 57:3 98–99
identifying, 47:4 125
as joiners, 48:3 42
Jones, Jethro, 42:4 87–88, 43:2 42–43
Kennedy, Leonard, 41:3 59
Kneass, Frederick, 58:4 158–160
Kneass, Michael, 58:4 158–160
Lindenberger, John, 50:4 133–134
Lithgow, Walter, 48:1 22–24
London, 51:2 64–65, 58:3 126–127
makers' marks, 40:3 50
Massachusetts, 42:2 37
Metcalf, Joseph, 44:2 37–38
Metcalf, Luther, 44:2 37–38
Middleboro, Massachusetts, 48:3 35–44
milestones, 51:3 69–74
Montreal, 49:1 19–22
motivation of, 54:1 4
Napier, Margaret, 57:3 96, 57:3 97–99
Napier, Thomas, 57:2 80, 57:3 97–98
New England, 54:1 1–8
Nicholson, Francis, 42:2 55, 46:1 3, 50:1 29–30, 52:2 76–77, 52:4 162, 53:1 33–35, 54:1 1–8, 58:3 120–123, 59:1 10
Nicholson, John, 54:1 1–8, 59:1 10
Niles, Hezekiah, 50:4 135–136
Norris, with Robertson screw, 50:2 60, 50:2 61
Nova Scotia, 42:1 5–7
Oliver, John Howard, 42:1 7
Philadelphia, 56:1 25–27, 56:2 68–69, 56:4 155–159, 57:1 16–22
Pike family, 39:1 13
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 47:4 124–125, 50:3 88–92, 50:4 132–133
Potter, Nathaniel, 46:1 3–4
Robbins, Enos, Jr., 52:2 51–59
Rochester, New York, 49:2 35–42
Rodier, Louis, 59:1 12
runaway apprentices, 48:3 54–55
Sampson, Abel, 45:2 35–37
Schauer, John, 47:1 1–10
Schuyler, B. W., 49:2 38
Scott, William, 50:3 88–92
Sehner, J., 48:2 54–55
Shenandoah Valley, 45:4 112–113
Shepard, D. M., 49:2 37
Silsby, Seth, 49:2 38
Sleeper, John, 43:4 97–98
Stamm, John, 54:2 47–53
Steele, William, 47:3 79–83
Swetman, James, 52:1 24–29
Teal, John, 41:3 37–39
Utica, New York, 52:2 51–59, 53:2 54–61, 56:1 39
Veit, John, 57:1 16–22, 57:3 101
Wells, Chester R., 59:3 104, 59:3 107–108
Wells, Elisha Griswold, 59:3 105–108
Wells, Robert, 59:3 103–108
Wells family, 44:1 6–10, 52:2 51–52
western Pennsylvania, 53:4 170–171
Wheeling, WV, 47:3 79–83
White, Charlotte, 57:3 96, 57:3 100–101
White, Israel, 57:3 100–101
Wilbur, Joshua, Jr., 56:1 28–31, 56:1 37
Williamsburg, Massachusetts, 42:4 100
women, 55:4 169
Wrentham, Massachusetts, 46:2 39–42
Yeoman, F., 45:1 19
Yeoman, Francis, 44:4 101, 45:1 19
"Planemaker's Account Ledger, A" (Kelly)
"Part I," 45:1 8–10
"Part II," 45:2 42–43
"Part III--Conclusion," 45:3 80–83
Planemakers and Other Edge Tool Enterprises in New York State in the Nineteenth Century (Roberts and Roberts), 47:2 49, 53:2 54, 53:2 55
n
"Planemaker Sells Out, A" (Seremeth), 41:1 11–12
planemakers float, 39:1 17
"Planemakers in Utica, New York, City Directories: 1817-1867" (Kelly), 53:2 54–61
planemakers' marks.
See also makers' marks
"Living in Wrentham," 52:2 77, 54:1 2, 54:1 3, 54:1 4, 54:1 6
Madox, William, 52:1 32–33
Stam, John, 54:2 48, 54:2 50, 54:2 51
"Planemakers of the 18th Century Shenandoah Valley" (Richmond and Williams), 45:4 112–113
"Planemaker's Runaway Apprentice Found 175 Years Later" (Prine), 47:4 124–125
planemakers' tools, 44:1 30
planemaking
apprenticeships, 45:2 36
metal working machines and, 43:2 41
planes.
See also plows
adjustable-iron block, 52:2 60–61
adjustable sash fillisters, 54:1 5
apothecary, 58:2 78, 58:3 127, 58:4 173
artisan, 52:1 30–31
Backenhobel, 59:4 163
backing (mother), 53:2 60, 53:2 61n30
backing out jack, 46:3 79
badger, 45:4 103
Badger-type, 44:4 127
banding, 53:3 125–126, 54:1 36
base, 58:1 14–15
bead, 45:2 42
beech, 42:3 72, 60:1 45
bench, 45:2 42, 45:4 108–109, 47:1 7, 51:2 66, 52:2 60, 54:1 1, 54:1 2, 54:4 144–147, 58:1 15, 58:1 17
blades for, 47:1 7–9, 47:1 12n14
boxmakers' jack, 46:3 79
bullnose, 48:2 55
cabinetmakers', 39:3 42–43
Canadian, 49:1 21–22
carriage making, 39:3 37–38
casement sash, 49:4 114, 52:1 30–31
ceiling, 51:3 91–92
center throat nosing (forkstaff), 47:1 2, 47:1 5, 47:1 9
chair rail, 58:1 44
chamfer, 56:1 38, 56:2 80–81
children's, 57:2 51–53
Chinese, 43:4 97, 44:4 109, 57:4 164–165
chip, 56:4 172
coach door, 53:3 125
coach markers, 46:3 85
cock bead fillister, 55:1 39–40
collecting, 43:4 97–98, 47:2 55, 48:1 28–29
collections, 51:2 65–67, 51:4 131, 51:4 back cover, 52:2 75–77, 52:2 81–82, 54:4 167–169
columbelle, 59:4 162, 59:4 163
combination, 50:2 53–54
combination match plane, 58:4 172–173
complex moulders, 59:1 22–23
consignment sales, 47:1 6, 47:1 12, 47:1 12n13
coopering, 59:4 161
cornice, 51:4 101, 54:1 2, 57:2 80–81
counter check, 48:2 55
crown molding, 48:2 56–61, 48:2 57, 51:4 101, 51:4 104, 52:2 77, 56:1 30, 59:1 22–23
crows-bill, 52:2 67
for curved panels, 52:3 124
dado, 51:2 59–60, 51:3 92, 51:4 118–119
dapping, 51:4 118–119
date codes, 54:4 144–147
dating, 51:3 69–73, 59:3 104
daughter, 58:1 44
decorated, 59:1 22–23
decorative design, 60:4 173
demand for, 54:1 3
depth stops, 51:4 118–119
Directory of American Toolmakers update, 53:2 75
double door, 49:4 114
double-marked, 50:1 12
double wedge, 48:1 17–19
drawer-bottom, 49:1 29
Dutch, 46:1 9, 51:4 109, 53:2 53, 53:3 127
early totes, 60:1 43–45, 60:4 172–173
Emond, V. A., & Co., 51:3 91–92
escapments, 55:2 80–81, 55:3 126
"facing," 54:3 127
felloes, 56:3 127–128, 56:4 173
fenced table, 54:1 5–6
with fishbone symbolism, 60:2 81–82
fore, 46:3 77, 47:1 7–8
Four-Square line, Stanley Works, 59:3 118–119, 59:4 160
French cormier smoothing, 60:4 173
full boxed beads, 48:4 92–93
full rounds, 54:2 86
galley, 51:4 131
German immigrants, 40:3 42–43
German jack, 46:3 79
glass check, 55:2 80
Greek, 60:1 43
grips, 60:1 43–44
groove, 50:1 19
grooving, 49:1 29
gutter, 53:3 115
hack, 46:3 77
handrail, 58:1 44
Harmony Society, 51:4 101–105, 51:4 103–104
history of, 44:3 80, 46:3 85, 47:1 32
hollow, 42:2 30
Hovey, 53:3 114–116
information sought, 60:1 45
inventory lists, 39:3 42–43
inverse imprints of stamp, 58:2 66–68
iron mounting, 59:2 76
irons, 48:1 15–16, 48:1 19
jack, 45:3 67, 46:3 76–80, 58:1 15
Japanese, 44:4 109, 52:4 166
Japanese pulled, 52:1 40
joiner, 50:4 130
joint, 54:1 1, 54:1 2
jointer, 46:3 76, 46:3 78, 46:3 89
Kendall patent, 59:2 76–77
left-hand center bead, 45:4 103
left-handed bottom grooving, 49:3 82
left-handed drawer bottom, 49:4 115
left-hand moulding, 45:4 103
London, 51:2 64–65
long-arm filletsters, 57:1 36–37
Mack Tool Co., Inc., 53:1 24–25
makers' marks, 40:2 25–26, 47:3 81, 47:3 82–83, 48:2 48, 48:2 50–53, 48:2 54, 51:3 70–73, 59:3 105–108
with Maria logo, 60:2 77
markup on, 45:3 80
match, 46:1 12–14
match combination, 54:3 126
material history, 42:1 5–7
metal, 45:1 18, 45:1 23, 45:2 51, 46:3 77
misrepresentation of, 44:3 95
modified or make-do, 54:2 86–87
molding, 51:4 103–104, 51:4 108, 54:1 1, 54:1 2, 54:2 48–52
Monticello collection, 58:1 15, 58:1 16
mother, 48:3 55, 58:1 44
mount cutting, 60:2 88
museum collections, 59:1 7–12
mystery, 50:4 129–130, 54:1 35
with nickers, 56:3 128
notching, 59:4 163
obsolescence of, 46:3 65
ogee, 51:3 91–92, 51:4 102
owner names on, 47:4 125
pail bottom, 59:4 163
panel-raising, 60:4 173
partially manufactured, 55:4 158–159
"Pat. Pending," 59:1 12
patents, 47:1 12, 59:1 10–12
Peugeot Freres, 39:3 34
pilaster, 54:3 126–127
pitch angles, 47:1 5
planemaking history, 49:3 100
plow, 49:1 28–29, 56:1 26–27
Pollak collection, 43:2 55
price guides, 60:1 42
prices of, 45:3 80–83, 47:1 3–10, 48:3 41
prison-made, 44:3 94
production estimates, 54:1 1, 54:1 2, 54:1 8, 54:1 8n.11
Quebec, 52:1 30–31
rabbet, 44:3 70, 45:3 81, 49:3 101, 51:4 118, 53:3 125–126, 56:3 128
razee (ship), 45:2 61
razee jack, 46:3 79
reglet, 52:1 30, 58:1 45
religious symbolism on, 60:2 80, 60:2 83
restoring, 42:4 109, 44:4 121, 45:1 22–23, 56:3 122
retail costs of, 58:2 70
rhykenology, 45:1 21
Roman, 60:1 43
rosewood boxing, 59:3 107
roughing, 46:3 76–77
rounds, 54:2 86
Sandusky Tool Co., 46:3 59, 46:3 65
sash, 48:4 72, 54:1 4–7, 56:1 29
sash coping, 54:2 86, 54:2 87
sash molding, 58:1 45
screw-adjusted, slide-arm plows, 59:1 30–31
scrub, 46:3 77
second-hand, 50:1 12
shoulder, 49:3 101, 49:4 114
side rabbets, 60:2 89
sixteenth century, Nürnberg, 54:2 83
slat, 52:1 30
sleeper wedge profile, 42:3 79
Smart, 50:1 20
sole plate (skate), 52:2 67–68
spelk, 56:4 172–173
spill, 43:3 64, 43:4 92, 45:2 63, 56:4 172
splint, 56:4 172
Sprague collection of, 46:3 71
spring, 47:2 46–47, 47:4 114, 48:2 56–61, 57:3 123, 58:1 15
stairbuilders' match pair, 56:1 38
Stanley, 50:2 69–70, 52:4 147
Stanley Rule & Level shirt pocket catalogs, 58:2 80–84, 58:3 113–119
stave, 45:3 67
stereotype, 56:2 80
stick and rabbet, 54:1 6–7
stick and rebate, 57:1 4, 57:1 5
surbase, 58:1 14–15
tenoning, 53:3 126, 54:1 35–36, 54:4 165
terminology, 50:4 120, 50:4 124
tilted wedge mortise, 55:3 126
toats, 45:1 23
Tolman-style, 44:3 70
tonguing, 51:3 72–73
toothing, 47:4 114, 48:2 55, 58:1 35n.8
tradesman-made, 47:3 88–89
transportation costs, 47:1 6
universal, 42:4 96
unusual, 49:4 114–115, 51:4 118–119, 60:2 88–89
unusual pair, 55:3 126
V- (double-chamfer), 56:2 80–81
varloper, 60:1 7, 60:1 8, 60:1 43
V-groove, 51:2 60
Walker adjustable face plane, 40:2 16, 40:2 17–18, 40:4 73A
washboard, 50:3 90
wedge-arm, 50:2 50, 54:1 4, 54:2 50–52
wedge distortion, 48:3 61–62
wedges, 48:1 14–15
with wedge under iron, 57:1 31–34
whalebone, 56:4 172–173
whatsits, 49:2 61, 49:2 67
wheelwrights', 56:3 127–128
wooden, 53:1 34
with wooden screws, 56:2 61–63
Worrell patents, 59:3 121
wreathing (Kranzhobels), 59:4 162–163
"Yankee" plow, 54:1 4–5
plane sailing method, 45:1 16–17
Plane Talk, 50:3 99, 50:4 133
"Plane Talk," 46:1 21
"Plane Talk" (Graham), 45:4 103
"
Plane Talk: A Journal for Rhykenologists," 42:1 19
"Plane that Bears the Imprints of Two Manufacturers, A: The Union Factory and the Phoenix Company" (Kelly), 58:2 66–68
"Plane Truth, The" (Bopp), 44:4 109
"Planimeter and Steam Engine Indicator, The" (Pozzato), 46:4 112
planimeters, 46:4 112
planing machines, 46:1 14
for making staves, 47:3 71–72
planing mills, 46:3 76
plank, 54:2 56
plank construction, 47:3 91
planking kettles
for hat making, 43:1 4, 43:3 79–80
planking process
in felt hat making, 52:4 156, 52:4 157
planking tables, 51:3 76, 51:3 77
plank-kilns
burning of, 58:1 26
defined, 58:1 26
firewood for, 58:1 26, 58:1 28–29
Jefferson, Thomas, 58:1 26–30
plank roads, 45:2 53–54
plank roofs, 55:2 71
Plant, Bathsheba (Page), 56:1 9
Plant, Catharine (Tomlinson), 56:1 10
Plant, David, 53:4 135, 56:1 10
Plant, Esther (Botsford), 56:1 10
Plant, Hannah, 56:1 10
Plant, James, 56:1 9
Plant, Sarah (Bennett), 56:1 10
Plant, Sarah (daughter), 56:1 10
Plant, Solomon, 56:1 9–15
double-flyer spinning wheels, 53:4 135–137
planters' eye hoes, 46:3 62
Planters' Machine Works, 52:1 16–17
planting devices
for corn, 50:3 101–102
dibbles, 45:1 16, 50:3 87, 50:3 101, 51:1 12, 51:3 90
Plants Manufacturing Co., 55:3 115
plaster models
for granite sculpture, 59:4 148
plate iron, 54:4 136–137
plate lifters
Platt, R. B., 52:4 136
Platt, William, 46:1 26
player pianos
playing cards
with illustrations of mathematical instruments, 58:1 38–39
Pleam, R. R., 56:3 103
Pleasant Valley Colliery, 52:4 140
"Plier Choir," 44:2 56
pliers
cutting, 43:3 77
flat-nosed jewelers', 43:3 77
ice tools, 60:3 124–125
parallel jaw, 43:1 23, 43:3 77, 44:2 34, 44:2 38
Schollhorn, 43:4 106, 44:1 27, 44:1 28, 44:2 56
sixteenth century, Nürnberg, 54:2 84
types of, 44:3 86
whatsits, 40:2 34, 44:1 27–28, 44:2 56
Plimpton, Henry, 49:3 87, 49:3 92
"Plinter Knife," 48:1 33
plinter knives, 48:1 33
Pliny, 56:2 56
plough clevises, with rings and wrenches, 43:2 31
ploughs
plow irons
Kraus tool chest, 60:3 95
plow planes, 49:1 28–29
brass-armed, 49:3 85, 49:4 115
Duke, T., 56:1 26–27
fence adjustments, 57:3 122–123
Kraus tool chest, 60:3 95
screw-adjusted, slide arm, 59:1 30–31
screw-arm, 57:3 98
screw-fixed, 57:3 122–123
wooden, 56:3 122–123
wooden screw arms, 56:2 61–63
plows
Barton, D. R., 53:1 18–19, 53:1 24
Belgium, 53:2 82
bookbinders', 44:1 30, 56:2 59
cast iron, 46:2 49
Chapin-Rust, 53:4 168–169, 54:1 36
continental, 50:4 129, 51:1 11, 53:2 81–82
with fences and depth stops, 54:4 165
fence suspension, 50:3 99
Loughborough, W. S., 50:1 13
make-do tools, 44:4 123
Nicholson, Francis, 54:1 4–5
Nicholson, John, 54:1 4–5
patents, 50:3 99
plate support, 52:4 163
quick adjust, 50:1 19
rack-and-pinion, 50:3 99–100
screw-arm, 50:3 89, 50:3 92, 53:2 82
singing, 41:3 55
sole plate (skate), 52:2 67–68
unusual, 51:1 11–12
wedge-arm, 58:3 120–121
"Yankee," 54:1 4–5
plows (agriculture)
barshare, 58:1 3
cast-iron, 40:4 69–70
Guillaume, Charles, 58:1 3, 58:1 6, 58:1 7
Jefferson's moldboard of least resistance, 58:1 3–11
repair, 44:1 26
seventeenth-century tools, 43:2 39–40
plow skate, 49:1 28
"Plug and Feather: A Simple Tool Yet Very Effective" (Armistead), 47:2 43–45
plug and feathers, 50:2 55–56
for quarrying brownstone, 56:3 94
for splitting rock, 47:2 43–45, 49:3 76, 49:3 77–78, 49:3 80
"Plug and Feather Update, A: An Example of Tool Evolution" (Armistead), 50:2 55–56
plug bits, 45:1 5
plug drillers, 59:2 51–52
plug hole drilling, 59:2 51–52
plumb bobs, 40:3 50, 45:2 41, 50:1 35
adjustable, 58:1 40–41
cast-iron, 58:1 42
dating markings on, 58:1 42
for granite block alignment, 59:4 139
patents, 58:1 40–43
Stanley Rule & Level Co., 58:1 40–43
plumbers, 39:2 29
plumbers' dressers, 52:3 99
plumb levels
Plumbley, Charles, 46:1 32
plumb lines, 41:1 10, 58:1 40
plumbs
Stanley advertising signs for, 59:2 71
Plumer, Francis, 42:4 92
Plumier, Charles, 56:2 64–65
Plumier, R. P., 40:1 9, 40:1 10, 40:1 11
plummet-lamp, 45:2 41
plummets, 44:4 119
plunger churns, 52:3 89
plungers
Pluta, Louis, 52:2 66
Plymouth Colony
butter production, 52:3 85–86
Plymouth Hammer Works, 45:1 20
pneumatic carving hammers, 59:4 150
pneumatic chisels, 59:4 150
pneumatic hammers, 60:1 30
for granite, 59:4 145, 59:4 148
pneumatic plug hole drilling, 59:2 51–52
pneumatic quarry drills, 59:2 46, 59:2 48
pneumatic rock drilling
granite industry, 60:1 21
pneumatic surfacing machines, 60:1 27
for granite, 59:4 139–140
pneumatic tools, 60:1 31
"poacher's spade," 45:1 16
pocket knives, 44:2 53, 46:2 42–43
Jefferson, Thomas, 58:1 16
pocket micrometer calipers, 50:2 66
pocket surveyors' compass
pod augers, 53:3 120
Poellnitz, Friedrich, Baron von, 58:2 55
poetry
Hill, O. C., 48:1 21, 48:3 56
on personal property for taxation, 45:4 110–111
pogies (mossbonkers), 45:2 51, 45:3 93
Poillon, Cornelius and Richard, shipbuilding yard, 53:1 1, 53:1 3–5, 53:1 8
Poinsett, Elisha, 45:4 120
Poinsett, Joel, 45:4 120
poinsettia, 45:4 120
pointed work, 56:3 96
"Pointing to the Delectable Collectible," 43:4 99, 44:1 29–30, 44:2 54, 44:3 82, 44:4 126, 45:2 51, 45:3 94–95, 45:4 124, 46:1 28
Scrimshaw Expeditionary Force, 45:1 28–29
Pokett folding scissors, 49:3 72–74, 49:4 139
Pole Arm Development Chart (Metropolitan Museum of Art), 39:3 48
pole lathes, 47:4 115–118, 47:4 133
Polhemus, Margaret, 58:4 157
Poliniere, Pierre, 48:3 66–67
polishing lathes
polishing machines
Bonnier de la Mosson cabinet, 58:3 102–103
for granite, 59:4 140–143
polishing wheels, 59:4 142–143
vertical, 59:4 142–143
political banners
Pollak, Emil, 40:2 25, 47:2 53–54, 50:1 33, 50:4 133, 51:2 60, 52:2 57, 52:2 76, 52:2 80, 52:2 81, 52:4 163, 54:1 1, 54:4 167, 57:1 33–34
Guide to the Makers of American Wooden Planes, A, 53:2 48, 53:2 54
Pollak, Emil S., 42:1 19, 42:2 37, 42:3 83, 42:4 87, 42:4 96, 43:2 46–47, 43:2 55, 43:4 107–108, 44:1 17, 47:2 53–54, 50:1 33, 50:4 133, 51:2 60, 52:2 57, 52:2 76, 52:2 80, 52:2 81, 52:4 163, 54:1 1, 54:4 167, 57:1 33–34, 59:3 105
Guide to the Makers of American Wooden Planes, A, 53:2 48, 53:2 54
Pollak, John, 49:2 44
Pollak, Martyl, 40:2 25, 42:2 37, 42:4 87, 42:4 96, 43:2 46–47, 43:2 55, 43:4 107–108, 44:1 17, 47:2 53–54, 50:4 133, 51:2 60, 52:2 57, 54:1 1, 54:4 167, 57:1 33–34, 59:3 105
Guide to the Makers of American Wooden Planes, A, 53:2 48, 53:2 54
Pollard, Joel, 41:3 38–39
Pollard, S., 49:2 43
Polo, Marco, 57:4 164
Polublank & Co.
tilting bandsaws, 56:2 45
Polyphase Mannheim slide rules, 49:2 51
polyptychs, 46:4 98–107
dowels for, 46:4 103–104, 46:4 107n.18
poplar for, 46:4 100–101
reconstructing fragments, 46:4 99–100
saw marks, 46:4 101–103
Pomeroy, R., 39:4 68A
Pomianek, Adam, Hammer Collection, 43:1 25
pomona green, 53:4 159
ponceau dye, 53:4 159
pones (corn pones), 39:1 10
Pont Fayette Covered Bridge, 54:4 149
Ponting, K. G., 39:2 30
pony-drawn lawn mowers, 52:2 45, 52:2 46, 52:2 49, 52:3 93, 52:3 95, 52:3 97
Pool, Anthony, 50:1 6
Pool, Charles B., 50:1 4, 50:1 5–9
spelling variants, 50:1 9
Pool, Frederick, 50:1 5
Pool, H. M., and Brothers, 50:1 7
Pool, H. M., Co., 50:1 7–8
Pool, Harrison, 50:1 7
Pool, Horace Franklin, 50:1 7–8
Pool, Horace Minot, 50:1 7–8
apprenticeship, 50:1 2–3
death of, 50:1 6
mathematical instruments, 50:1 1–3, 50:1 7–9
property employed by, 50:1 9
spelling variants, 50:1 9
Pool, J., & Co., 50:1 4
Pool, J. & H. M., Co., 52:4 165
establishment of, 50:1 3
surveyors' compass, 50:2 front cover
Pool, John (son of John Jr.), 50:1 6
spelling variants, 50:1 9
Pool, John, Jr.
apprenticeship, 50:1 2–3
business established by, 50:1 3–4
death of, 50:1 6
debts of, 50:1 5–6
mathematical instruments, 50:1 1–6
property, 50:1 3–4
spelling variants, 50:1 9
Pool, John, Sr., 50:1 1, 50:1 2, 50:1 3, 50:1 7
Pool, John Murray, 50:1 4, 50:1 6, 50:1 7, 50:1 8
Pool, Joseph, 47:1 10
Pool, Mary (Brown), 50:1 1
Pool, Mary (sister of John Jr.), 50:1 6
Pool, Nahum, 50:1 7
Pool, Samuel, 50:1 1
Pool, William, 44:4 107
Pool, Zibeah (Packard), 50:1 2
pool cue tenoners
Poole and Williams spokeshaves, 52:3 112
"Pools of Easton, Massachusetts, The" (Vogel and Hands), 50:1 1–11
"Poor Man's Ivory" (West), 45:4 99
Poor Richard's Almanack (Franklin), 59:1 24
Poplar Forest (Jefferson retreat)
fire damage, 58:1 18
roof leakage, 58:1 18, 58:1 25
spherical sundial and, 58:1 31
tin shingle roof, 58:1 18
poplar wood
for altarpieces, 46:4 100–101
chip hats, 39:4 63
Poppenhusen, Conrad, 44:3 81
porcelain
decorative buttermaking tools, 50:2 39–42
Porritt, John, 60:2 88
portable brick presses, 59:2 57
"Portable Hitching Post," 48:4 95
portable summer furnace
Porter, H. K., 48:1 31
Porter, James R., 40:1 3, 40:1 4
Porter, James R., Co., 40:1 5
Porter, William Sydney (O. Henry), 44:2 36
Portland, Connecticut
quarries, 55:3 95–111, 56:3 89, 56:3 107
quarry flooding, 55:3 100
town quarry, 55:3 98–99, 55:3 100, 55:3 109
Portland brownstone
blasting, 55:3 104
building industry and, 55:3 107–109
defined, 55:3 95
deterioration of, 55:3 109
geologic history, 55:3 95
gravestones, 55:3 97–98, 55:3 109
preservation of, 55:3 109, 56:3 107
quarries, 55:3 95–111, 56:3 107
quarry workers, 55:3 102–103, 55:3 106–107
shipping, 55:3 105–106
steam technology, 55:3 104, 55:3 107
stonecutting, 55:3 97–98
Portland Brown Stone Quarries, 55:3 100
"Portland Brownstone Quarries, The" (Guinness), 55:3 95–111
Portland cement, 55:3 109
Portland Cement Association, 44:2 46
Portrait and Biographical Record of Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, 56:1 1–2
Portrait of a Port: Boston 1852-1914 (Bunting), 53:4 170
"Possible Purpose of the Two-hand Saw Handle, A" (Feuerstein), 39:3 50
Post, Emily, 53:2 67
Post, Frederick, Co., 49:2 51
post axes, 52:1 33
"Posters Available," 50:3 104
Postman, Richard A., 48:3 62
potato cutters, 48:2 67
potatoes
separating gold dust with, 40:3 52
sprouting, 42:3 63
potato mashers, 43:1 21, 45:1 27
potato peelers, 59:4 153
potato scoops, 43:3 78
Potomac Antique Tools & Industries (PATINA), 47:2 54
pot ovens, 39:1 10
Potter, J. Sturgis
knitting machines, 53:4 147, 53:4 148, 53:4 151
Potter, John, 46:1 4
Potter, Leonard, 46:1 27
Potter, Mary, 46:1 4
Potter, Nancy R., 48:2 63
Potter, Nathaniel, 46:1 35, 49:3 86
estate inventory, 46:1 4
planemaker, 46:1 3–4
tombstone, 46:1 4
Potter, Rebeckah, 46:1 3, 46:1 4
Potter, Robert, 46:1 3
Potter, Thomas, 53:2 57
pottery, 45:3 91–92
pottles, 43:4 91
Pottorff, Robert W., 52:1 8
Potts, Joanna Holland, 53:1 39
Poulson and Eger, 45:3 95
poultry killer, 43:2 48
poultry killing knives, 41:1 16, 41:2 36, 41:3 56–57, 42:1 25, 43:2 48
Pountney, Frank, 52:3 97
poured pewter bolster method, 52:1 35
Powel, Samuel, 58:2 55, 58:2 63
n.7
Powell, Caleb, 42:4 92
Powell, Elizabeth, 42:4 92, 52:3 85, 52:3 88
Powell, Fred T., 51:1 23
Powell, William, 51:2 64–65
Power, L., & Co., 57:1 14
tilting bandsaws, 56:2 54, 56:2 55
"Power Axe Wood Splitter" (Hall), 55:1 34
"'Powerful Grace That Lies in Herbs, The'", 45:3 91
Powerlock measuring tapes, 54:4 156–159
power looms, 44:2 52, 44:3 89
Crehore, Benjamin, 47:3 94
for Rhode Island quilt fabrics, 54:2 72–73
Powers, D., 42:3 68
power sources.
See also electrical power
granite industry, 60:1 18–23
Power Specialties Ltd., 52:3 98
pow wows, 59:1 2
Pozzato, Ronald, 48:2 46
Practical Builder (Nicholson), 57:1 1
"Practical Carpentry, Joinery and Cabinet Making" (1837), 46:1 25
Practical Carriage Building (Richardson), 42:3 64
Prairie Grass Furniture Co., 58:3 95
Pratt, Abigail, 48:3 36
Pratt, Chester, 56:4 168–169
Pratt, Daniel, 52:1 15, 52:1 19
Pratt, Elbridge S., 57:4 162–163
Pratt, Elliot, & Tillinghast, 56:4 168
Pratt, Ephraim C., 59:4 152
Pratt, Francis R., 45:4 115
Pratt, Henry L., 45:4 115
Pratt, J., 46:1 27
Pratt, James A., 40:4 56
Pratt, Nathan, 49:3 92
Pratt, William M., 45:4 115
Pratt cotton gins, 52:1 15, 52:1 16
preachers (wooden clapboard gauge), 44:4 111
precision combination square, 49:3 70
"Pre-Eighteenth Century Bill Hook, A?" (Kappeler), 39:1 14
prehistoric tools, 45:1 10
Premier lawn mowers, 52:3 95
Presbrey, Seth, 42:2 37
Presbyter, Theophilus, 60:1 5
Presbyterian Society Church, Holland Patent, New York, 59:3 107–108
Preservation Society Newport County, 53:2 74
n6
President's House, Washington
Jefferson's roof design for, 58:1 22, 58:1 23
pressed-glass doorknobs, 55:4 133–140
Preston, Carl, 48:4 91
Preston, Caroline, 58:4 171
n.7
Preston, Charles H., 48:4 90
Preston, Edward, 48:4 90
spokeshaves, 52:3 112, 52:3 113
Preston, Edward, Jr., 48:4 90
Preston, Edward, & Sons, Ltd., 48:4 90–91, 52:3 113, 55:4 145, 57:1 1, 57:1 2, 57:1 5, 57:1 6
Preston, Fred W., 48:4 90
Preston, James E., 48:4 90
"Preston Catalog Issued" (Stahl), 44:3 92
Preston Catalogue (Rees), 48:4 91
Pribble, Hiram, 53:2 49
Pribble, Thomas, 53:2 49
Pribble's Mills, Virginia, 53:2 48–50
Price, Edith B., 58:4 143
Price, James E. (Jim), 44:2 35, 45:1 4, 56:3 110, 56:3 113, 59:3 110
price guides, 51:4 132–133
Stanley Rule and Level Co., 60:1 42
Stanley Tools, 50:2 69–70
prickers (harnessmaking tools), 39:2 19, 39:3 52A
prickers, in sailmaking, 45:3 85
pricking wheels, 39:3 52A
Pride, Mary, 50:3 88
Pride, Sarah, 50:3 88
Priestman, Peter, 47:3 100
Prim food choppers, 50:1 24, 50:1 25
"Primitive But Effective Cupola Operation, A" (Dwyer), 42:4 98–99
"Primitive Knife Construction: The Poured Pewter Bolster Method" (Hope), 52:1 34–37
Prince, Samuel, 44:1 31
Prince Edward Island
loggers, 56:3 129, 56:3 back cover
Principles and Practices of Buttermaking (McKay and Larsen), 52:3 88
Prine, Charles, 50:4 131, 57:1 31, 57:1 33
Pringle, James Fulton, 54:2 54
printed butter, 52:3 87, 52:3 90–91
printer furniture lock-up, 51:4 105
"Printer Leaves His Mark, A" (Ward), 46:1 31
printers' bodkins, 46:2 43
printers' lock-up tool, 52:2 50
printers' planes, 57:1 19
printers' rule, 55:2 58
printing
calico, 46:1 31
in Colonial America, 48:4 98–99
ink, 48:4 99
paper for, 48:4 99
procuring type, 48:4 99
typecasting, 48:4 97–98
printing presses
acorn frame, 53:3 108–113
chase, 52:2 50
copy presses, 53:3 124, 53:3 126
cylinder presses, 47:3 96
French Revolution and, 42:3 77
hand presses, 48:4 99–100
whatsits, 44:2 60
prison workers
chairmaking, 58:4 134
prison-made planes, 44:3 94
Pritchard, George, 39:2 18
privateering
Pro Cathedral, Minneapolis, 59:2 42
"Processing the Whale," 42:1 23
Proctor, Amos E., 53:1 16
Proctor, George W., 44:4 103
Proctor, John, 45:2 37
product development theory, 55:4 135
"Promoting Disston Saws Before 1878," 41:1 15
promotional items.
See also commemorative items
prong-hoes, 40:1 14, 42:1 25
"Prong-hoe with a Difference, A" (Sawer), 40:1 14
prongs (fishing spears), 43:2 36
proportion
Divine Proportion, 45:3 68
"Protect Home Industries" banner, 46:1 6
"'Protect Home Industries,' The Tools of American Labor Provide a Theme for Political Parades" (Blades), 46:1 6
protractor-marked quadrant, 47:4 112
protractors
Proulx, Earl, 41:2 36
Proulx, Edward, 40:4 57
Proust, Joseph Louis, 50:2 44
provenience records, 42:4 89–90
Providence, Pennsylvania
Providence Tool Co., 44:3 69, 53:1 18, 60:1 45
Prudential Life Insurance Co., 60:1 27
pruners, 52:3 105, 52:3 106–107
pruning chisels, 46:1 23
pruning saws, 51:4 128
pry bars
beryllium, 53:3 107
Four-Square line, Stanley Works, 59:4 155
Pryibil Co.
tilting bandsaws, 56:2 45
Pryor, Nicholas, 58:1 24
Ptaszek, Nellie, 39:3 44
public electric utility system, 57:1 14–15
public vendues, 51:2 53
Puccio, Piero di, 46:4 99, 46:4 101, 46:4 103, 46:4 108
Puccio, Pieru do, 51:3 87
puddling, 47:1 26
Puffer, E., 40:2 25
Puffer, Elijah, 40:2 26
Puffer, William, 40:2 26
Pugh, Charles H., 52:3 97
pug mills
for brick making, 59:2 53–54
Puhl, W. H., 49:2 57
Pulaski, Edward, 56:3 125
"Pulaski Axe" (Pieroth), 56:3 125
"Pulaski Carter: Manufacturer of Axes and Edge Tools, Providence, Pennsylvania" (Pieroth), 56:1 1–8
pulled planes, 52:1 40, 52:1 166
pulling jacks, 59:3 81
Pullman, Herbert S., 55:2 59
pull-push rules, 54:1 31, 54:1 33–34, 54:2 77–78, 54:3 121–122, 54:4 157
pull-push tape measures
Four-Square line, Stanley Works, 59:4 159, 59:4 160
pulp saws, 54:1 29
Pulsometer steam pumps, 59:3 93, 59:3 95
Pulson, Swen, 60:1 41
pummeling mills
pump augers and rimmers (reamers)
Pumphilly, John, 45:2 35
pumpkin cutters, 45:1 16
Punch, 41:1 12, 47:4 103
punch and anvil saw sets, 49:1 12
"Punch Decorated Stake, A" (Semel), 39:2 27–28
punch-decorated tools, 39:3 52A
anvils, 51:1 25
axes, 54:4 141
punches
hollow (harnessmaking tools), 39:2 19
Purdew, Francis, 51:3 101
purfling tools, 53:3 125
Puritan (racing yacht), 53:1 8
n11
purple dyes, 53:4 158
aniline purple, 53:4 158
French purple, 53:4 158
Hofmann violet, 53:4 157
magenta, 53:4 156, 53:4 157, 53:4 158
mauve, 53:4 156, 53:4 157, 53:4 158, 53:4 162n30
push brooms
with threaded wooden handles, 56:2 61
putty knives, 44:3 79
Four-Square line, Stanley Works, 59:4 156, 59:4 158, 59:4 159
"Puzzling Dutch Plane, A" (van der Sterre), 53:2 53